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中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 160-168.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00114

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柴达木盆地托拉海河下游复合新月形沙丘沉积构造探地雷达探测初步结果

张潇1(), 严平1(), 董苗2, 刘小槺3, 袁文杰1, 王晓旭1   

  1. 1.北京师范大学 地理科学学部/地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室珠海基地,北京 100875
    2.太原师范学院 地理科学学院,山西 晋中 030619
    3.陕西师范大学 地理科学与旅游学院,陕西 西安 710119
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-16 修回日期:2022-09-19 出版日期:2023-01-20 发布日期:2023-01-17
  • 通讯作者: 严平
  • 作者简介:严平(E-mail: yping@bnu.edu.cn
    张潇(1997—),女,贵州黔南人,博士研究生,主要从事风沙地貌研究。E-mail: zxiao@mail.bnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(41871010);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0906)

Preliminary results of sedimentary structure of compound crescentic dune in the lower reaches of Tora River Basin, Qaidam Basin probed with ground penetrating radar

Xiao Zhang1(), Ping Yan1(), Miao Dong2, Xiaokang Liu3, Wenjie Yuan1, Xiaoxu Wang1   

  1. 1.Faculty of Geographical Science/State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology Zhuhai Base,Beijing Normal University,Beijing 100875,China
    2.Institute of Geographic Science,Taiyuan Normal University,Jinzhong 030619,Shanxin,China
    3.School of Geography and Tourism,Shannxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China
  • Received:2022-08-16 Revised:2022-09-19 Online:2023-01-20 Published:2023-01-17
  • Contact: Ping Yan

摘要:

运用探地雷达,对柴达木盆地托拉海河下游右岸两个典型复合新月形沙丘进行探测,通过图像处理与影像解译,获取了连续且具一定深度的风沙沉积构造信息,并结合无人机影像、遥感影像与野外实际考察情况,综合分析该研究区内风沙沉积构造与沉积环境。结果表明:(1)选取100 MHz的天线、0.5 m探测步长、1 m的天线间距进行探测,探地雷达图像与无人机影像呈现出很好的对应关系,沙丘内部构造清晰,故使用此参数探测复合新月形沙丘的内部结构可行。(2)托拉海河下游复合新月形沙丘内部沉积构造类型多样,广泛发育正向加积层、垂向加积层等层理。(3)河道与沙丘均向东南方向移动,两个沙丘存在规模持续缩小且两翼拉长、逐渐变得不对称的发育过程。(4)托拉海河下游复合新月形沙丘的发育分为3个时期:快速发育阶段、固定风蚀阶段、蚀余加积阶段。

关键词: 柴达木盆地, 托拉海河下游, 复合新月形沙丘, 探地雷达, 沉积构造

Abstract:

As one of the main distribution areas of plateau deserts in China, the Qaidam Basin Desert is located in the western part of Qinghai Province, with various types of riverine dune development, which is important for studying the morphological development of aeolian geomorphology and the formation and evolution of deserts. Ground penetrating radar (GPR) was used to detect two typical compound crescent dunes on the right bank of lower reaches of Tora River, three detecting lines parallel to the wind direction were arranged and radar facies image information was obtained. Combined with UAV images, remote sensing images and field actual investigation, the aeolian sand sedimentary structure and sedimentary environment in the study area are comprehensively analyzed. The results indicate that: (1) The antenna of 100 MHz, 0.5 m detection step and 1 m antenna spacing are selected for the detection, and the ground-penetrating radar images show a good correspondence with the UAV images, so it is feasible to detect the internal structure of the compound crescent dune with these parameters. (2) The depositional structures inside the compound crescent dune in the lower reaches of Tora River are of various types, and the forward accretion layer and vertical accretion layer are widely developed. (3) Both the river and the dunes are moving to the southeast, and the scale of the development process is continuously decreasing and the two flanks are elongating, gradually becoming asymmetric. (4) The development of the compound crescentic dunes in the lower Tora River is divided into three periods: rapid development stage, fixed wind erosion stage, and erosion residual accretion stage.

Key words: Qaidam Basin, lower reaches of Tora River, compound crescent dune, ground penetration radarl, sedimentary structure

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