img

官方微信

高级检索

中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 330-340.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00237

• • 上一篇    

雅鲁藏布江中下游宽谷地带土壤粒径分形维数及抗风蚀能力

王学林(), 陈江波, 刘昊, 宫航, 王瀚卓, 丁国栋(), 赵媛媛   

  1. 北京林业大学 水土保持学院/宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站/水土保持国家林业和草原局重点实验室/林业生态工程教育部工程研究中心,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-22 修回日期:2025-09-22 出版日期:2026-05-20 发布日期:2026-06-11
  • 通讯作者: 丁国栋
  • 作者简介:王学林(1996—),男,河北邢台人,博士研究生,主要研究方向为荒漠化防治。E-mail: Wangxuelin@bjfu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(42571311)

Fractal dimension characteristics of soil particle size distribution and wind erosion resistance in the middle-lower reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River wide valley

Xuelin Wang(), Jiangbo Chen, Hao Liu, Hang Gong, Hanzhuo Wang, Guodong Ding(), Yuanyuan Zhao   

  1. School of Soil and Water Conservation / Ningxia Yanchi Maowusu Ecosystem National Positioning Observation Research Station / Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Soil and Water Conservation / MOE Engineering Research Center of Forestry Ecological Engineering,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China
  • Received:2025-07-22 Revised:2025-09-22 Online:2026-05-20 Published:2026-06-11
  • Contact: Guodong Ding

摘要:

雅鲁藏布江中下游河谷地带广泛发育沙尘沉积地貌,其分布与形成机制具有显著的区域特征。为探究其河谷区不同空间格局的风蚀下垫面沙尘潜在释放能力,选取西藏米林区段的河谷地带,采集林地、草地、耕地、河滩地、固定沙地、流动沙地6种下垫面土壤,通过土壤粒度分析(Particle Size Distribution,PSD)、抗风蚀能力指数(Anti-Erosion Rating Index,AERI)等方法,为该地沙尘环境变化研究和生态恢复管理提供数据支撑。主要结果:(1)河谷区土壤基质的黏粒含量极低(<1%),细砂粒占比最大(39.9%),主要由砂质壤土、壤质砂土和砂土组成,且土壤粒径随土层加深呈现粗化趋势。(2)单重分形维数表现为林地(2.315)>耕地(2.289)>河滩地(2.261)>草地(2.171)>固定沙地(2.165)>流动沙地(2.084),远低于同类型平均数值水平;单重分形维数与土壤有机碳含量极其显著正相关(P<0.001),与全磷、速效磷、全氮含量极显著正相关(P<0.01),体现了细颗粒(黏粒、粉粒)通过物理化学作用形成的养分富集效应。(3)土壤AERI存在显著空间差异(P<0.05),林地(1.086)>耕地(1.012)>草地(0.955)>固定沙地(0.856)>河滩地(0.711)>流动沙地(0.675),植被和农业改善了土壤性状,而砂质裸露地表(砂粒含量>85%)抗蚀能力最弱。综上,利用分形理论可表征不同类型的下垫面土壤质量水平与演变规律,有助于为雅江中下游流域河谷地带的沙尘释放研究和土壤质地改善提供数据支撑。

关键词: 雅鲁藏布江, 粒径组成, 分形理论, 养分特征, 抗风蚀能力

Abstract:

Extensive aeolian depositional landforms with distinct regional characteristics are developed in the mid-lower Yarlung Zangbo River valley. To investigate the potential dust emission capacity of different underlying surfaces in this valley region, soil samples from six land cover types (forest, grassland, cropland, riparian land, fixed sandland, and mobile sandland) were collected in the Milin section. Particle Size Distribution (PSD) analysis and the Anti-Erosion Rating Index (AERI) were applied to assess dust dynamics and inform ecological restoration strategies. The main results are as follows: (1) Valley soils exhibit extremely low clay content (<1%), dominated by fine sand (39.9%), and classified as sandy loam, loamy sand, or sand. Soil texture coarsens with depth.(2) Monofractal dimension values ranked: forest (2.315)>cropland (2.289)>riparian land (2.261)>grassland (2.171)>fixed sandland (2.165)>mobile sandland (2.084), significantly lower than typical values for analogous soils. Monofractal dimension showed strong positive correlations with organic matter (SOM) (P<0.001), total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (AP), and total nitrogen (TN) (P<0.01), indicating nutrient enrichment via physicochemical interactions with fine particles (clay/silt).(3) Significant spatial heterogeneity in AERI (P<0.05) was observed: forest (1.086)>cropland (1.012)>grassland (0.955)>fixed sandland (0.856)>riparian land (0.711)>mobile sandland (0.675). Vegetation and agriculture improved soil properties (D, SOM), while sandy exposed surfaces (Sand%>85%) showed minimal erosion resistance.This study demonstrates that fractal theory effectively characterizes soil quality evolution across heterogeneous surfaces, providing critical data for dust emission research and soil texture improvement in the Yarlung Zangbo River valley.

Key words: Yarlung Zangbo River, particle-size distribution, fractal theory, nutrient characteristics, aeolian erosion resistance

中图分类号: