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中国沙漠 ›› 2009, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 859-865.

• 生物土壤与生态 • 上一篇    下一篇

植物修复技术在土壤重金属污染中应用的研究进展

刘小宁1, 马剑英1*, 张慧文2, 崔永琴1, 段争虎1   

  1. 1.中国科学院 寒区旱区环境与工程研究所 敦煌戈壁荒漠生态与环境研究站, 甘肃 兰州 730000; 2.兰州大学 西部环境教育部重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2008-10-07 修回日期:2008-10-23 出版日期:2009-09-07 发布日期:2009-09-07

Advances in Application of Phytoremediation Technique on Heavy Metal Contamination in Soils

LIU Xiao-ning1, MA Jian-ying1, ZHANG Hui-wen2, CUI Yang-qin1, DUAN Zheng-hu1   

  1. 1.Dunhuang Gobi and Desert Ecology and Environment Research Station, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2.Key Laboratory of Western Chinas Environmental Systems of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:2008-10-07 Revised:2008-10-23 Online:2009-09-07 Published:2009-09-07

摘要: 当前,土壤受重金属污染状况在国内外都很严重,受到了越来越多的关注。植物修复技术是新近发展起来的一项用于处理土壤重金属污染的生态技术,其机理主要是通过某些植物对重金属元素的吸收、积累和转化,达到减轻重金属污染土壤的目的。与传统的处理土壤污染方法相比,植物修复技术具有经济、简单和高效等优点。简要介绍了植物修复的几种类型,论述了当前国内外植物修复技术的研究进展。重点涉及了其中的植物提取和植物稳定两种修复类型,当它们与其他诸如稳定同位素标记技术、基因工程技术等相结合时,可以提高植物的修复效果。而超积累植物由于其独有的生理特性非常适用于大规模应用。最后探讨了植物修复技术在土壤污染治理中的一些不足、发展趋势和研究重点。

关键词: 植物修复, 重金属, 土壤, 超积累植物, 基因工程

Abstract: The situation of soils contamination by heavy metals is very severe all over the world, which has been currently paid more and more attention by the governments and researchers. Phytoremediation is widely viewed as an ecological technique used to deal with heavy metals from the polluted soils since early 1990s, and the mechanism of phytoremediation is to use plants to absorb, accumulate and translate heavy metals from the polluted soils, achieving the purpose of alleviating the pollution of heavy metals. The phytoremediation technique has some advantages in comparison with the traditional remediation technologies, such as economical, non-pollution and high efficiency. The authors briefly introduced the types of phytoremediation, summarized current domestic and oversea status of research in phytoremediation. Two techniques-Phytostabilization and phytoextration, are especially emphasized in the study. These two techniques can achieve better remediation effect when applied in combination with other technologies, such as stable isotope labeling technology, gene engineering technology. Hyperaccumulators are suitable for large-scale application due to its particular physiological traits in extracting the heavy metals from the soils. Finally, some disadvantages of phytoremediation in soil pollution treatment are presented in the study and the future of this research field is looked into.

Key words: phytoremediation, heavy metal, soil, hyperaccumulator, gene engineering

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