青海湖流域防沙治沙生态效益现状评价及分析

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究选择了青海湖周边沙漠化防治区,对研究区内的土壤和植被指标进行了野外观测,并对周边农牧户基本状况及生态环境保护意识进行了调查,建立了青海湖沙漠化治理生态效益评价指标体系,采用层次分析法确定了指标权重,通过模糊评价的方法计算得出各指标的隶属度,最终得出以下结论:①通过专家系统打分建立判断矩阵,经计算得出生态效益各指标权重,明显看出,植被在青海湖沙漠化防治过程中具有非常重要的作用。②根据模糊评价结果得出研究区内目前防沙治沙生态效益差,说明青海湖防沙治沙工程生态恢复还处于初级阶段,综合治理生态系统建设未达到标准,生态系统仍非常脆弱。③通过农牧户基本情况及生态意识调查,发现研究区的农牧户生态环境保护意识较差,对生态环境了解及认识程度远远不够,还需要加强农牧民的生态环境保护意识。

关键词: 青海湖, 防沙治沙, 生态效益, 评价

Abstract:

Through field surveying the soil and vegetation characteristics and investigating the cognition of farmer and herdsman to ecological protection around the Qinghai Lake, an assessment index system of ecological benefit of combating desertification was established; the weight values of assessment indices were obtained by analytic hierarchy process and the membership degrees were obtained through fuzzy evaluation. Results are as following: (1) Vegetation was very important in desertification combating; (2) The assessment index value of ecological benefit of combating desertification around Qinghai Lake was 23, which indicated the ecological benefit was poor, and the desertification combating around Qinghai Lake was still at primary stage; and (3) the cognition of farmers and herdsmen around the Qinghai Lake to the ecological environment protection was limited, and the ecological environment protection education should be strengthened.

Key words: Qinghai Lake, desertification combating, ecological benefit, assessment

中图分类号:

X171

展秀丽1, 严平2*. 青海湖流域防沙治沙生态效益现状评价及分析[J]. 中国沙漠, 2012, 32(6): 1773-1778.

ZHAN Xiu-li1, YAN Ping2. Assessment and Analysis of Ecological Benefit of Combating Desertification around Qinghai Lake[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2012, 32(6): 1773-1778.

参考文献

[1]李智广,李锐,杨勤科,等.小流域综合治理效益评价指标体系研究[J].水土保持通报,1998,18(7):71-72.

[2]时光新,尹成信.基于熵的小流域治理效益评价模型及其应用[J].水土保持通报,1999,19(5):38-39.

[3]梁会民,赵军.小流域综合治理的生态经济效益评估研究[J].生态经济,2001(8):12-13.

[4]王军强,陈存根,李同升.陕西黄土高原小流域治理效益评价与模式选择[J].水土保持通报,2003,23(6):61-63.

[5]李岩,王立群.小流域综合治理及其效益评价研究进展[J].北京林业大学学报,2008,7(3):62-67.

[6]高保山,康文伟,麻保林,等.陕北榆林风沙区防护林体系效益评价研究[J].西北林学院学报,2005,20(2):13-17.

[7]郭磊.京津风沙源治理工程综合效益评价——以正蓝旗为例[D].北京林业大学,2006.

[8]贾宁凤,段建南,李旭霖,等.荒漠化防治综合效益的多维灰色预测评估研究——以晋西北河曲县为例[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(5):711-715.

[9]周玉祥,董晓文.荒漠化防治工程效益模糊综合评价模型[J].防护林科技,2007,1:25-28.

[10]牛清河,屈建军,张克存,等.青藏铁路典型路段风沙灾害现状与机械防沙效益估算[J].中国沙漠,2009,29(4):596-603.

[11]刘拓.土地沙漠化防治综合效益评价——以京津风沙源治理工程河北省沽源县为例[J].绿色中国,2005,11:24-29.

[12]杨婷婷,吴新宏,姚国征,等.草原沙化治理工程生态效益评价的指标体系构建和分析[J].中国草地学报,2009,31(2):102-107.

[13]Greeley R,Iversen J D.Wind As A Geological Process: On Earth,Mars,Venus,and Titan[M].Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1985.

[14]闫玉春,王旭,杨桂霞,等.退化草地封育后土壤细颗粒增加机理探讨及研究展望[J].中国沙漠,2011,31(5):1162-1166.

[15]金菊良,魏一鸣,丁晶.基于改进层次分析法的模糊综合评价模型[J].水利学报,2004,(3):65-71.

[16]凌红波,徐海量,乔木,等.基于AHP和模糊综合评判的玛纳斯河流域水资源安全评价[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(4):989-994.

[17]张彩霞,王训明,满多清,等.层次分析法在民勤绿洲农田防护林生态效益评价中的应用[J].中国沙漠,2010,30(3):602-607.

[18]赵哈林,赵学勇,张铜会,等.沙漠化的生物过程及退化植被的恢复机理[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.

[19]孙保平.荒漠化防治工程学[M].北京:中国林业出版社,2000.