关键词: 塔里木河上游, 绿洲, 景观变化, 生态效应

Abstract: The Tarim River basin is a typical ecological fragile zone and environmental critical zone, where violent effect was caused mainly by the utilization of land and water resources. Principally, the landscape pattern changed a lot along with the degree of development and utilization of land and water resources. Based on the research achievement on modern oasis-desert ecosystem, with guidance of the pilot theory of landscape ecology, we have analyzed the landscape change and its ecological effect of Akesu-Awati oasis from 1990 to 2000 by using the \!3S\" technology. It was showed that the changes of landscape are notable. The landscape patches such as cropland, residential site and saline land increased rapidly in contrast to reduction of grassland, forest land, water area and wetland to different degree. The fractal dimension and landscape dominance increase while landscape diversity and evenness decline. These changes indicate that the disturbance from humankind is continuously enhanced. Changes of landscape have brought about a series of ecological effect. The paper put forwards that only by regional sustainable development should we achieve the best development of society and economy in the research area.

Key words: upper reaches of Tarim River, oasis, landscape change, ecological effect