干旱区典型绿洲热场分布规律研究——以渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲为例

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 全球气候变暖给整个地球的生态环境带来巨大的影响,在全球气候变暖背景下,绿洲热场的变化严重影响绿洲的生态稳定性,利用遥感卫星影像来监测热场分布规律具有很强的现实意义。采用Landsat7 ETM+热红外波段定量反演晴空状态下干旱区典型绿洲地表真实温度,运用影像叠加分析、直方图比对、缓冲区分析、空间自相关分析及剖面线分析方法,分析其热场分布规律。结果表明,绿洲热场分布具有显著的正的空间自相关特性,Moran’s I值为0.5489,z检验值为48.44,同时呈现出显著的局部空间集聚现象; 就全局而言,热场分布规律为水体温度<耕地温度<林草地温度<城镇温度<裸地温度<盐碱地温度,均温分别为21.65 ℃、27.86 ℃、35.59 ℃、36.52 ℃、40.06 ℃、42.07 ℃; 就局部而言,盐碱地温度低于周边裸地温度,盐碱地平均温度比周边300 m、900 m、1 500 m缓冲区裸地的均温分别低0.59 ℃、0.44 ℃、0.26 ℃。水体、城镇、盐碱地、裸地的温度波动较小,热力景观单一,热场分布均匀,而耕地和林草地的温度梯度大,热力景观复杂多样,热场分布极不均匀。绿洲荒漠交错带的面积较大,它可以降低荒漠对绿洲的热力侵蚀,对保护绿洲有重要作用。

关键词: 热场, Landsat7 ETM+, 绿洲, 渭干河-库车河三角洲, 干旱区

Abstract: Global warming has brought immense effect on ecological environment. On the background of global warming, the change of oasis thermal field has heavily affected the ecological stability of oasis. Using RS images to observe the pattern of thermal field has a great significance. Landsat7 ETM+ thermal infrared band was used to quantitatively invert land surface temperature of a typical oasis in arid region, south Xinjiang of China, under the clear sky condition, and image overlay analysis, histogram comparison, buffer analysis, spatial auto analysis and profile-line analysis methods were adopted to analyze the thermal field pattern. The results show that oasis thermal field pattern presents a positive spatial correlation, and Morans I value is 0.5489 and Z value (from Z-test method) is 48.44. At the same time, there are notable spatial cluster phenomena at local scale. For the whole study area, the rule of the thermal field pattern is water temperature

Key words: thermal field, Landsat7 ETM+, oasis, the delta of Weigan River and Kuqa River, arid region

中图分类号:

P423.7

李金香;塔西甫拉提·特依拜;*;雷磊;田源. 干旱区典型绿洲热场分布规律研究——以渭干河-库车河三角洲绿洲为例[J]. 中国沙漠, 2011, 31(4): 992-1000.

LI Jin-xiang;TASHPOLAT Tiyip;LEI Lei;TIAN Yuan. Surveying on Thermal Field of Typical Oases in Arid Region—A case study in the delta of Weigan River and Kuqa River[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2011, 31(4): 992-1000.

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