中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (1): 244-256.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2021.00133
• • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2021-09-08
修回日期:
2021-10-09
出版日期:
2023-01-20
发布日期:
2023-01-18
作者简介:
潘颜霞(1981—),女,山东寿光人,副研究员,主要从事干旱区生态学研究。E-mail: panyanxia@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
Yanxia Pan(), Rong Hui, Xinrong Li
Received:
2021-09-08
Revised:
2021-10-09
Online:
2023-01-20
Published:
2023-01-18
摘要:
微生物是沙漠生态系统的重要组成部分,对生态系统功能和稳定性具有重要意义,目前中国对沙漠微生物的研究基本覆盖了主要的荒漠区。本文基于中国沙区已有研究成果对微生物学研究方法的进展、沙漠微生物群落组成及多样性变化规律、沙漠微生物群落分布特征及影响因子、沙漠微生物群落功能多样性和微生物资源等进行了总结,以期为沙区微生物资源开发利用提供重要依据。
中图分类号:
潘颜霞, 回嵘, 李新荣. 中国沙漠微生物分布及特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2023, 43(1): 244-256.
Yanxia Pan, Rong Hui, Xinrong Li. Distribution and characteristics of microorganisms in deserts of China[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(1): 244-256.
图1 土壤微生物磷脂肪酸含量(PLFA)随固沙植被建立年限的变化[25]
Fig.1 Soil microbial PLFAs under cyanobacteria-lichen and moss crusts in revegetated areas in the Tengger Desert[25]
属名 | 种数 | 菌种编号 |
---|---|---|
曲霉属(Aspergillus sp.) | 10 | Spt1-6, Spt1-10, Spt2-1, Spt2-9, Spt3-2, Spt3-16, Spt4-11, Spt7-19, Spt10-1, Spt10-23 |
青霉属(Penicillium sp.) | 8 | Spt1-1, Spt1-7, Spt1-11, Spt3-12, Spt5-3, Spt5-14, Spt5-15, Spt5-18 |
镰孢霉( Fusarium sp.) | 6 | Spt5-2, Spt6-9, Spt7-16, Spt10-10, Spt10-13, Spt10-16 |
弯孢属(Curvularia sp.) | 3 | Spt4-9, Spt5-4, Spt10-4 |
毛霉属(Mucor sp.) | 2 | Spt8-4, Spt8-16 |
木霉属(Trichoderma sp.) | 2 | Spt4-1, Spt6-5 |
根霉属( Rhizopus sp.) | 1 | Spt5-9 |
不产孢 | 6 | Spt1-8, Spt2-12, Spt3-14, Spt4-2, Spt10-12, Spt10-18 |
未知 | 6 | Spt1-4, Spt4-6, Spt8-1, Spt9-4, Spt10-3, Spt10-19 |
表1 腾格里沙漠东南缘土壤真菌种类组成[33]
Table 1 Species composition of soil fungi in southeastern of Tengger Desert[33]
属名 | 种数 | 菌种编号 |
---|---|---|
曲霉属(Aspergillus sp.) | 10 | Spt1-6, Spt1-10, Spt2-1, Spt2-9, Spt3-2, Spt3-16, Spt4-11, Spt7-19, Spt10-1, Spt10-23 |
青霉属(Penicillium sp.) | 8 | Spt1-1, Spt1-7, Spt1-11, Spt3-12, Spt5-3, Spt5-14, Spt5-15, Spt5-18 |
镰孢霉( Fusarium sp.) | 6 | Spt5-2, Spt6-9, Spt7-16, Spt10-10, Spt10-13, Spt10-16 |
弯孢属(Curvularia sp.) | 3 | Spt4-9, Spt5-4, Spt10-4 |
毛霉属(Mucor sp.) | 2 | Spt8-4, Spt8-16 |
木霉属(Trichoderma sp.) | 2 | Spt4-1, Spt6-5 |
根霉属( Rhizopus sp.) | 1 | Spt5-9 |
不产孢 | 6 | Spt1-8, Spt2-12, Spt3-14, Spt4-2, Spt10-12, Spt10-18 |
未知 | 6 | Spt1-4, Spt4-6, Spt8-1, Spt9-4, Spt10-3, Spt10-19 |
样地 | 曲霉 | 青霉 | 镰孢 | 弯孢 | 毛霉 | 木霉 | 根霉 | 未知 | 总计 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
流沙 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | ||||
A90 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 8 | ||||
A87 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 | ||||
A81 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 11 | ||
M81 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 13 | |||
A64 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 | |||
M64 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 8 | |||||
A56 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 11 | ||||
M56 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 8 | |||||
N | 8 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 20 |
表2 真菌在腾格里沙漠东南缘各样地中的种类组成[33]
Table 2 The species composition of fungi in different sample area[33]
样地 | 曲霉 | 青霉 | 镰孢 | 弯孢 | 毛霉 | 木霉 | 根霉 | 未知 | 总计 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
流沙 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 6 | ||||
A90 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 8 | ||||
A87 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 | ||||
A81 | 5 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 11 | ||
M81 | 5 | 4 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 13 | |||
A64 | 3 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 9 | |||
M64 | 6 | 1 | 1 | 8 | |||||
A56 | 2 | 4 | 2 | 3 | 11 | ||||
M56 | 4 | 2 | 2 | 8 | |||||
N | 8 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 4 | 20 |
图2 固氮菌群落在科(A)水平和属(B)水平组成分析[38]
Fig.2 Diazotrophic community compositions in the topsoil of sampling sites at the family level (A) and the genus level (B), respectively[38]
图3 基因水平和转录水平上优势OTU(基因水平相对丰度前20位,转录水平前13位)无根进化树分析(自展次数为1 000次)●代表基因水平和转录水平共有的固氮基因nifH序列,○代表转录水平特有的nifH序列[38]
Fig.3 Unrooted neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree based on the representative sequences of the 20 most abundant OTUs at the DNA level and the 13 most abundant OTUs at the cDNA level in our four sampling sites and their closest sequence match determined from GenBank BLASTp. Bootstrap values of relevant nodes are shown based on 1 000 tree replicates. nifH sequences retrieved both at the DNA and cDNA level are indicated with solid circle symbols. nifH sequences retrieved specifically at the cDNA level are indicated with hollow circle symbols
图5 微生物功能结构和环境变量的典型对应分析(CCA, A) 以及三组变量间微生物群落功能多样性的变异分区分析(VPA,B)[46]
Fig.5 Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) of microbial functional structure and environmental variables (A), and variation partitioning analysis (VPA) of microbial community function diversity among three groups of variables (B)[46]
图6 参与土壤氮循环的细菌基因标准化平均信号强度(GeoChip 5.0)[48]
Fig.6 Normalized average signal intensity of bacterial genes involved in the N cycle of differently-aged biological soil crusts. Gray-colored genes represent those that were not detected by GeoChip 5.0.[48]
1 | 周德庆.微生物学教程[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2019. |
2 | 杨清香.普通微生物学[M].北京:科学出版社,2008. |
3 | Huber J A, Welch D B M, Morrison H G,et al.Microbial population structures in the deep marine biosphere[J].Science,2007,318:97-100. |
4 | Potthast K, Hamer U, Makeschin F.In an Ecuadorian pasture soil the growth of Setaria sphacelate,but not of soil microorganisms,is co-limited by N and P[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2012,62:103-114. |
5 | 李新荣,张志山,刘玉冰,等.中国沙区生态重建与恢复的生态水文学基础[M].北京:科学出版社,2016. |
6 | Torsvik V, Ovreas L.Microbial diversity and function in soil:from genes to ecosystems[J].Current Opinion in Microbiology,2002,5:240-245. |
7 | 何彪,涂长春.病毒宏基因组学的研究现状及应用[J].畜牧兽医学报,2012,43(12):1865-1870. |
8 | 罗培宇.轮作条件下长期施肥对棕壤微生物群落的影响[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2014. |
9 | Xue D, Yao H Y, De-Yong G E,et al.Soil microbial community structure in diverse land use systems:a comparative study using biology,DGGE,and PLEA Analyses[J].Pedosphere,2008,18(5):653-663. |
10 | Chen H, Zhao X, Lin Q,et al.Using a combination of PLFA and DNA-based sequencing analyses to detect shifts in the soil microbial community composition after a simulated spring precipitation in a semi-arid grassland in China[J].Science of the Total Environment,2019,657:1237-1245. |
11 | Yang H, Li J, Xiao Y,et al.An Integrated insight into the Relationship between soil microbial community and tobacco bacterial wilt disease[J].Frontiers in Microbiology,2017,8:2179-2179. |
12 | 杜雄峰,于皓,王尚,等.宏基因组方法揭示草地土壤微生物群落响应全球变化[J].生态学杂志,2019,39(11):3516-3526. |
13 | He Z L, Gentry T J, Schadt C W,et al.Geo Chip:a comprehensive microarray for investigating biogeochemical,ecological and environmental processes[J].The ISME Journal,2007,1(1):66-67. |
14 | 邓晔,冯凯,魏子艳,等.宏基因组学在环境工程领域的应用及研究进展[J].环境工程学报,2016,10(7):3373-3382. |
15 | 叶雷,闫亚丽,陈庆森,等.高通量测序技术在肠道微生物宏基因组学研究中的应用[J].中国食品学报,2016,16(7):216-223. |
16 | 刘洋荧,王尚,厉舒祯,等.基于功能基因的微生物碳循环分子生态学研究进展[J].微生物学通报,2017,44(7):1676-1689. |
17 | 冯晓远,王风平.宏基因组学分析揭示深古菌Bathyarchaeota B242的代谢特征[J].微生物学通报,2018,45(1):11-18. |
18 | 王朱珺,王尚,刘洋荧,等.宏基因组技术在氮循环功能微生物分子检测研究中的应用[J].生物技术通报,2018,34(1):1-6. |
19 | Myrold D D, Zeglin L H, Jansson J K.The potential of metagenomic approaches for understanding soil microbial processes[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,2014,78:3-10. |
20 | 彭娜,彭先启,乐敏.微生物菌群培养组学在动物医学中的应用[J].畜牧兽医学报,2020,51(12):2942-2953. |
21 | Martellacci L, Quaranta G, Patini R,et al.A literature review of metagenomics and culturomics of the peri-implant microbiome:current evidence and future perspectives[J].Materials,2019,12:3010. |
22 | Bilen M, Founkou M, Cadoret F,et al. Sanguibacter massiliensis sp.nov.Actinomyces minihominis sp.nov.Clostridium minihomine sp.nov.Neobittarella massiliensis gen.nov.and Miniphocibacter massiliensis gen.nov.new bacterial species isolated by culturomics from human stool samples[J].New Microbes & New Infections,2018,24:21-25. |
23 | Li X R, Zhang P, Su Y G,et al.Carbon fixation by biological soil crusts following revegetation of sand dunes in arid desert regions of China:a four-year field study[J].Catena,2012,97:119-126. |
24 | Liu Z F, Fu B J, Zheng X X,et al.Plant biomass,soil water content and soil N∶P ratio regulating soil microbial functional diversity in a temperate steppe:a regional scale study[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,2010.42:445-450. |
25 | Liu Y M, Li X R, Xing Z S,et al.Responses of soil microbial biomass and community composition on biological soil crusts in the revegetated areas of the Tengger Desert[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2013,65:52-59. |
26 | 张宪武,许光辉.腾格里沙漠地区沙地土壤微生物学特性的研究[J].土壤学报,1962,10(3):227-234. |
27 | 邵玉琴,赵吉.不同固沙区结皮中微生物生物量和数量的比较研究[J].中国沙漠,2004,24(1):68-71. |
28 | Belnap J, Lange O L.Biological Soil Crusts:Structure,Function,and Management[M].Berlin,Germany:Springer-Verlag,2003. |
29 | 陈祝春,张继贤,李定淑.腾格里沙漠东南缘不同类型沙丘的微生物学特征[J].中国沙漠,1983,3(1):134-137. |
30 | 顾峰雪,文启凯,潘伯荣,等.塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地人工植被下土壤微生物的初步研究[J].生物多样性,2000,8(3): 297-303. |
31 | Liu L C, Liu Y B, Zhang P,et al. Development of bacterial communities in biological soil crusts along a revegetation chronosequence in the Tengger Desert,northwest China[J].Biogeosciences, 2017,14:3801-3814. |
32 | Liu L C, Liu Y B, Hui R,et al.Recovery of microbial community structure of biological soil crusts in successional stages of Shapotou desert revegetation,northwest China[J].Soil Biology & Biochemistry,2017,107:125-128. |
33 | 张志山.固沙植被生态系统演替中的土壤生物学和呼吸特征研究[R].兰州:中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,2009. |
34 | 韩彩霞,张丙昌,张元明,等.古尔班通古特沙漠南缘苔藓结皮中可培养真菌的多样性[J].中国沙漠,2016,36(4):1050-1055. |
35 | 张威,章高森,刘光琇,等.腾格里沙漠东南缘可培养微生物群落数量与结构特征[J].生态学报,2012,32(2):567-577. |
36 | 吴楠,张元明,潘惠霞,等.古尔班通古特沙漠地衣结皮中可培养细菌多样性初探[J].中国沙漠,2013,33(3):710-716. |
37 | Walker L R, del Moral R.Primary Succession and Ecosystem Rehabilitation[M].Cambridge,UK:Cambridge University Press,2003. |
38 | Wang J, Bao J T, Li X R,et al.Molecular Ecology of nifH genes and transcripts along a chronosequence in revegetated areas of the Tengger Desert[J].Soil Microbiology,2016,71:150-163. |
39 | Grishkan I, Jia R L, Li X R.Influence of sand burial on cultivable micro-fungi inhabiting biological soil crusts[J].Pedobiologia,2015,58:89-96. |
40 | 张丙昌,赵建成,张元明,等.新疆古尔班通古特沙漠南部沙垄不同部位藻类的垂直分布特征[J].植物生态学报,2008,32:456-464. |
41 | Zhang B C, Zhang Y M, Downing A,et al.Distribution and composition of cyanobacteria and microalgae associated with biological soil crusts in the Gurbantunggut Desert,China[J].Arid Land Research and Management,2011,25:275-293. |
42 | Li C, Tang L, Jia Z,et al.Profile changes in the soil microbial community when desert desert becomes oasis[J].PloS One,2015,10:e0139626. |
43 | Zhang K P, Shi Y, Cui X Q,et al.Salinity is a key determinant for soil microbial communities in a desert ecosystem[J].mSystems,2019,4(1):e00225-18. |
44 | Garcia-Pichel F, Loza V, Marusenko Y,et al.Temperature drives the continental-scale distribution of key microbes in topsoil communities[J].Science,2013,340:1574-1577. |
45 | Liu Y B, Zhao L N, Wang Z R,et al.Changes in functional gene structure and metabolic potential of the microbial community in biological soil crusts along a revegetation chronosequence in the Tengger Desert[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2018,126:40-48. |
46 | Hu Y G, Zhang Z S, Huang L,et al.Shifts in soil microbial community functional gene structure across a 61-year desert revegetation chronosequence[J].Geoderma,2019,347:126-134. |
47 | 刘光琇.极端环境微生物学[M].北京:科学出版社,2016. |
48 | Zhao L N, Liu Y B, Wang Z R,et al.Bacteria and fungi differentially contribute to carbon and nitrogen cycles during biological soil crust succession in arid ecosystems[J].Plant and Soil,2020,447:1-14. |
49 | Zhao L N, Liu Y B, Yuan S W,et al.Development of archaeal communities in biological soil crusts along a revegetation chronosequence in the Tengger Desert,north central China[J].Soil & Tillage Research,2020,196:104443. |
50 | 刘阳.塔克拉玛干沙漠可培养微生物多样性及抗辐射-抗氧化代谢机制研究[D].兰州:西北师范大学,2020. |
51 | 李婷,王凯,师瑞芳,等.河西走廊土壤链霉菌的分离及其抗菌活性实验[J].兰州交通大学学报,2016,35(4):127-133. |
52 | 张昺林,唐德平,张楠,等.敦煌莫高窟中细菌多样性的研究[J].微生物学通报,2012,39(5):614-623. |
53 | 张楠,张昺林,王婉如,等.重离子诱变选育聚β-羟基丁酸酯高产菌株研究[J].中国农业科技导报,2012,14(2):95-100. |
54 | Proteau P J, Gerwick W H, Garcia-Pichel F,et al.The structure of scytonemin,an ultraviolet sunscreen pigment from the sheaths of cyanobacteria[J].Experientia,1993,49(9):825-829. |
55 | Webb K M, Yu J, Robinson C K,et al.Effects of intracellular Mn on the radiation resistance of the halophilic archaeon Halobacterium salinarum [J].Extremophiles:Life under Extreme Conditions,2013,17(3):485-497. |
56 | 杨子文.沙特阿拉伯沙漠可培养放线菌多样性及抗菌活性的研究[D].广州:中山大学,2018. |
57 | 刘源,高金鹏,徐春和.紫细胞捕光色素蛋白复合体及光化学反应中心的研究进展[J].植物生理与分子生物学学报,2005,31(6):567-574. |
58 | Allison N, Turner J E, Wait R.Degradation of homovanillate by a strain of Variovorax paradoxus via ring hydroxylation[J].FEMS Microbiology Letters,1995,134:213-219. |
59 | 连丽丽,姜华,朱昌雄.约氏不动杆菌(Acinetobacter johnsonii)的分离及其聚磷特性的研究[J].辽宁农业科学, 2009,50(2):18-21. |
[1] | 鲍婧婷, 孙靖尧, 王进. 生物土壤结皮中微生物群落特征综述[J]. 中国沙漠, 2022, 42(6): 33-43. |
[2] | 秦豪君, 杨晓军, 马莉, 王一丞, 傅朝, 张君霞, 陆正奇. 2000—2020年中国西北地区区域性沙尘暴特征及成因[J]. 中国沙漠, 2022, 42(6): 53-64. |
[3] | 赵康, 张磊, 李凯凯, 王斐, 张丙昌. 干旱区土壤自养微生物研究进展[J]. 中国沙漠, 2022, 42(5): 177-186. |
[4] | 王怀海, 黄文达, 何远政, 牛亚毅, 朱远忠. 短期增温和降水减少对沙质草地土壤微生物量碳氮和酶活性的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2022, 42(3): 274-281. |
[5] | 詹瑾, 韩丹, 杨红玲, 李玉霖. 科尔沁沙地植被恢复过程中群落组成及多样性演变特征[J]. 中国沙漠, 2022, 42(2): 194-206. |
[6] | 陈峰, 张静, 韩二牛, 温苏雅拉图null, 李盛林, 王国林, 王磊, 王少昆. 乌拉特天然梭梭( Haloxylon ammodendron )林土壤微生物多样性及其与土壤性质的关系[J]. 中国沙漠, 2022, 42(2): 207-214. |
[7] | 张玲豫, 齐雅柯, 焦健, 李朝周. 河西走廊沙地芦苇(Phragmites australis)根际土壤微生物群落多样性[J]. 中国沙漠, 2021, 41(6): 1-9. |
[8] | 杨航宇, 刘艳梅, 罗广元, 刘凤莲. 荒漠区食细菌线虫对生物土壤结皮下土壤微生物量的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2021, 41(6): 120-125. |
[9] | 王亚妮, 胡宜刚, 王增如, 李昌盛. 开垦对阿拉尔绿洲盐渍化荒漠土壤微生物群落的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2021, 41(6): 126-137. |
[10] | 于彦琳, 师桂英, 张立彭, 史贵红, 李谋强, 苏国礼, 李潇潇. 硅肥和微生物菌剂配施对连作兰州百合(Lilium davidli var. unicolor)生长及土壤生化性质的影响[J]. 中国沙漠, 2021, 41(5): 157-165. |
[11] | 张立彭, 师桂英, 史贵红, 于彦琳, 李谋强, 苏国礼, 贾喜霞. 土壤熏蒸-微生物菌剂联用缓解兰州百合(Lilium davidii var. unicolor)连作障碍研究[J]. 中国沙漠, 2020, 40(5): 169-179. |
[12] | 苏天燕, 刘文杰, 杨秋, 毛伟. 土壤碳循环对地下水位的响应研究进展[J]. 中国沙漠, 2020, 40(5): 180-189. |
[13] | 张振清, 张昺林, 张威, 刘光琇, 陈拓, 刘阳, 陈警伟, 田茂. 河西走廊黑戈壁生态系统中可培养细菌分布特征及抗辐射活性[J]. 中国沙漠, 2020, 40(4): 52-62. |
[14] | 常茜, 鹿化煜, 吕娜娜, 崔梦淳, 李海宇. 1992-2015年中国沙漠面积变化的遥感监测与气候影响分析[J]. 中国沙漠, 2020, 40(1): 57-63. |
[15] | 马晓俊, 李云飞. 腾格里沙漠东南缘植被恢复过程中土壤微生物量及酶活性[J]. 中国沙漠, 2019, 39(6): 159-166. |
阅读次数 | ||||||
全文 |
|
|||||
摘要 |
|
|||||
©2018中国沙漠 编辑部
地址: 兰州市天水中路8号 (730000)
电话:0931-8267545
Email:caiedit@lzb.ac.cn;desert@lzb.ac.cn