中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 120-134.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00284
收稿日期:2025-06-03
修回日期:2025-12-01
出版日期:2026-07-20
发布日期:2026-08-27
通讯作者:
杨林海
作者简介:周畅(1999—),男,安徽六安人,硕士研究生,主要从事风沙地貌研究。E-mail: zhouchang910@snnu.edu.cn
基金资助:Received:2025-06-03
Revised:2025-12-01
Online:2026-07-20
Published:2026-08-27
Contact:
Linhai Yang
摘要:
雅鲁藏布江(简称雅江)河谷作为全球高海拔河流-风沙系统分布区,风沙地貌普遍发育且十分典型,其中以发育在谷坡上的爬坡沙丘最具特色。爬坡沙丘是雅江流域荒漠化景观的重要构成单元,过去相关研究主要在爬坡沙丘的分布与形态、物质组成、动力学及流场特征等方面,对于其物质来源及其与水沙等其他物源的迁移转化过程和较长时间尺度的形成演化过程的研究还比较薄弱。系统的年代学工作是研究沙漠、沙地演化过程以及正确认识沙丘形成发育气候背景的基础。目前雅江流域风成沙的年代数据主要集中在30 ka BP以来,特别是13 ka BP以来,之前的风沙记录存在缺失。雅江流域爬坡沙丘的形成及其演化机制是今后的研究重点,其中,利用有效的钻孔取芯技术,选择多个地点的爬坡沙丘,在其延伸方向和垂直堆积方向上获取高分辨率的年代数据和沉积物指标数据,是重建其形成演化历史的关键。
中图分类号:
周畅, 杨林海. 雅鲁藏布江河谷爬坡沙丘研究进展[J]. 中国沙漠, 2026, 46(4): 120-134.
Chang Zhou, Linhai Yang. Research progress on climbing dunes in the Yarlung Zangbo River Valley, southern Tibetan Plateau[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2026, 46(4): 120-134.
| 编号 | 剖面/样品 | 地理坐标 | 海拔/m | 地貌部位 | 深度/cm | 年代/ka BP | 测年方法 | 参考文献 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | SRP | 29°15′N,91°59′E | 3 553 | 河谷山麓 | 70 | 0.4±0.1 | OSL | [ |
| 2 | 140 | 0.8±0.1 | ||||||
| 3 | 210 | 1.0±0.1 | ||||||
| 4 | 280 | 1.1±0.1 | ||||||
| 5 | 350 | 1.0±0.1 | ||||||
| 6 | 420 | 1.2±0.1 | ||||||
| 7 | 490 | 4.1±0.4 | ||||||
| 8 | MLP | 29°07′N,93°46′E | 3 004 | 河谷山麓 | 650 | 4.5±0.3 | ||
| 9 | 1 000 | 6.2±0.5 | ||||||
| 10 | JJ | 28°32′N,87°49′E | 4 063 | 山前坡地 | 26 | 0.2±0.11 | OSL | [ |
| 11 | 170 | 3.7±0.51 | ||||||
| 12 | XL | 28°21′N,87°41′E | 4 060 | 河流阶地 | 22 | 0.4±0.05 | ||
| 13 | 164 | 2.4±0.2 | ||||||
| 14 | 248 | 7.5±0.28 | ||||||
| 15 | 江塘剖面 | 29°18′N,90°41'E | 3 600 | 河流阶地 | 125 | 5.57±0.13 | 14C | [ |
| 16 | 209 | 7.83±0.13 | ||||||
| 17 | 泽当剖面 | 29°14′N,91°42′E | 3 561 | 河流阶地 | 630 | 8.5±0.6 | OSL | [ |
| 18 | Cha'er | 29°23′N,89°17′E | 3 856 | 河流阶地 | 65 | 2.23±0.1 | 14C | [ |
| 19 | 363 | 8.56±0.7 | TL | |||||
| 20 | ZD20 | 29°14′N,91°42′E | 3 559 | 河谷山麓 | 30 | 1.22±0.08 | OSL | [ |
| 21 | 80 | 2.21±0.19 | ||||||
| 22 | 400 | 7.67±0.40 | ||||||
| 23 | 450 | 7.95±0.63 | ||||||
| 24 | 500 | 8.44±0.51 | ||||||
| 25 | 550 | 8.60±0.47 | ||||||
| 26 | 600 | 9.04±0.65 | ||||||
| 27 | 680 | 9.24±0.47 | ||||||
| 28 | 730 | 9.85±0.62 | ||||||
| 29 | 780 | 10.35±0.94 | ||||||
| 30 | 830 | 10.62±0.70 | ||||||
| 31 | 880 | 11.35±0.79 | ||||||
| 32 | Pala | 28°18′N,87°25′E | 4 325 | 下沉高地 | 80 | 8.6±0.9 | OSL | [ |
| 33 | 170 | 11.0±1.2 | ||||||
| 34 | 260 | 11.0±1.5 | ||||||
| 35 | ZZ | 29°52′N,83°47′E | 4 720 | 河谷山麓 | 70 | 0.21±0.08 | OSL | [ |
| 36 | 240 | 4.6±0.89 | ||||||
| 37 | 300 | 23.9±5.4 | ||||||
| 38 | Section59 | 30°08′N,95°30′E | 3 070 | 低山山麓 | 29 | 25.5±4.0 | TL | [ |
| 39 | STA-1 | 29°38′N,91°06′E | 3 658 | 河谷山麓 | 50 | 2.9±0.2 | OSL | [ |
| 40 | 180 | 4.1±0.4 | ||||||
| 41 | 280 | 6.7±0.5 | ||||||
| 42 | QUX1 | 29°21′N,90°43′E | 3 603 | 河谷山麓 | 280 | 8.5±0.7 | ||
| 43 | QUX2 | 29°21′N,90°45′E | 3 536 | 河流阶地 | 130 | 17.2±1.4 | ||
| 44 | CHI1 | 29°22′N,90°54′E | 3 820 | 山前坡地 | 70 | 14.4±1.1 | ||
| 45 | 300 | 19.8±1.9 | ||||||
| 46 | 650 | 23.9±2.1 | ||||||
| 47 | 1000 | 21.3±1.8 | ||||||
| 48 | JIN2 | 29°26′N,90°54′E | 3 597 | 河谷山麓 | 130 | 7.7±0.8 | ||
| 49 | 250 | 14.3±1.6 | ||||||
| 50 | 340 | 18.8±2.0 | ||||||
| 51 | DRE18 | 29°40′N,91°03′E | 3 707 | 河谷山麓 | 330 | 32.3±3.2 | ||
| 52 | MOG4 | 29°47′N,91°49′E | 3 894 | 河谷山麓 | 130 | 28.2±3.1 | ||
| 53 | 350 | 81±7 | ||||||
| 54 | 米林卧龙 | 29°08′N,93°40′E | — | 山前坡地 | — | 29±3 | TL | [ |
| 55 | 贡嘎多基扎 | 29°21′N,91°05′E | — | 山前坡地 | — | 48.7±2.4 | ||
| 56 | SY | 29°16′N,91°28′E | 3 568 | — | 340 | 7.93±0.39 | OSL | [ |
| 57 | 410 | 10.23±0.64 | ||||||
| 58 | 480 | 11.17±0.67 | ||||||
| 59 | 530 | 10.63±0.68 | ||||||
| 60 | HZ | 29°17′N,91°03′E | 3 580 | 河流阶地 | 300 | 9.64±0.50 | OSL | [ |
| 61 | 325 | 9.69±0.57 |
表1 已发表的雅鲁藏布江流域风成沙年代数据
Table 1 Published ages for aeolian sands in the Yarlung Zangbo River Valley
| 编号 | 剖面/样品 | 地理坐标 | 海拔/m | 地貌部位 | 深度/cm | 年代/ka BP | 测年方法 | 参考文献 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | SRP | 29°15′N,91°59′E | 3 553 | 河谷山麓 | 70 | 0.4±0.1 | OSL | [ |
| 2 | 140 | 0.8±0.1 | ||||||
| 3 | 210 | 1.0±0.1 | ||||||
| 4 | 280 | 1.1±0.1 | ||||||
| 5 | 350 | 1.0±0.1 | ||||||
| 6 | 420 | 1.2±0.1 | ||||||
| 7 | 490 | 4.1±0.4 | ||||||
| 8 | MLP | 29°07′N,93°46′E | 3 004 | 河谷山麓 | 650 | 4.5±0.3 | ||
| 9 | 1 000 | 6.2±0.5 | ||||||
| 10 | JJ | 28°32′N,87°49′E | 4 063 | 山前坡地 | 26 | 0.2±0.11 | OSL | [ |
| 11 | 170 | 3.7±0.51 | ||||||
| 12 | XL | 28°21′N,87°41′E | 4 060 | 河流阶地 | 22 | 0.4±0.05 | ||
| 13 | 164 | 2.4±0.2 | ||||||
| 14 | 248 | 7.5±0.28 | ||||||
| 15 | 江塘剖面 | 29°18′N,90°41'E | 3 600 | 河流阶地 | 125 | 5.57±0.13 | 14C | [ |
| 16 | 209 | 7.83±0.13 | ||||||
| 17 | 泽当剖面 | 29°14′N,91°42′E | 3 561 | 河流阶地 | 630 | 8.5±0.6 | OSL | [ |
| 18 | Cha'er | 29°23′N,89°17′E | 3 856 | 河流阶地 | 65 | 2.23±0.1 | 14C | [ |
| 19 | 363 | 8.56±0.7 | TL | |||||
| 20 | ZD20 | 29°14′N,91°42′E | 3 559 | 河谷山麓 | 30 | 1.22±0.08 | OSL | [ |
| 21 | 80 | 2.21±0.19 | ||||||
| 22 | 400 | 7.67±0.40 | ||||||
| 23 | 450 | 7.95±0.63 | ||||||
| 24 | 500 | 8.44±0.51 | ||||||
| 25 | 550 | 8.60±0.47 | ||||||
| 26 | 600 | 9.04±0.65 | ||||||
| 27 | 680 | 9.24±0.47 | ||||||
| 28 | 730 | 9.85±0.62 | ||||||
| 29 | 780 | 10.35±0.94 | ||||||
| 30 | 830 | 10.62±0.70 | ||||||
| 31 | 880 | 11.35±0.79 | ||||||
| 32 | Pala | 28°18′N,87°25′E | 4 325 | 下沉高地 | 80 | 8.6±0.9 | OSL | [ |
| 33 | 170 | 11.0±1.2 | ||||||
| 34 | 260 | 11.0±1.5 | ||||||
| 35 | ZZ | 29°52′N,83°47′E | 4 720 | 河谷山麓 | 70 | 0.21±0.08 | OSL | [ |
| 36 | 240 | 4.6±0.89 | ||||||
| 37 | 300 | 23.9±5.4 | ||||||
| 38 | Section59 | 30°08′N,95°30′E | 3 070 | 低山山麓 | 29 | 25.5±4.0 | TL | [ |
| 39 | STA-1 | 29°38′N,91°06′E | 3 658 | 河谷山麓 | 50 | 2.9±0.2 | OSL | [ |
| 40 | 180 | 4.1±0.4 | ||||||
| 41 | 280 | 6.7±0.5 | ||||||
| 42 | QUX1 | 29°21′N,90°43′E | 3 603 | 河谷山麓 | 280 | 8.5±0.7 | ||
| 43 | QUX2 | 29°21′N,90°45′E | 3 536 | 河流阶地 | 130 | 17.2±1.4 | ||
| 44 | CHI1 | 29°22′N,90°54′E | 3 820 | 山前坡地 | 70 | 14.4±1.1 | ||
| 45 | 300 | 19.8±1.9 | ||||||
| 46 | 650 | 23.9±2.1 | ||||||
| 47 | 1000 | 21.3±1.8 | ||||||
| 48 | JIN2 | 29°26′N,90°54′E | 3 597 | 河谷山麓 | 130 | 7.7±0.8 | ||
| 49 | 250 | 14.3±1.6 | ||||||
| 50 | 340 | 18.8±2.0 | ||||||
| 51 | DRE18 | 29°40′N,91°03′E | 3 707 | 河谷山麓 | 330 | 32.3±3.2 | ||
| 52 | MOG4 | 29°47′N,91°49′E | 3 894 | 河谷山麓 | 130 | 28.2±3.1 | ||
| 53 | 350 | 81±7 | ||||||
| 54 | 米林卧龙 | 29°08′N,93°40′E | — | 山前坡地 | — | 29±3 | TL | [ |
| 55 | 贡嘎多基扎 | 29°21′N,91°05′E | — | 山前坡地 | — | 48.7±2.4 | ||
| 56 | SY | 29°16′N,91°28′E | 3 568 | — | 340 | 7.93±0.39 | OSL | [ |
| 57 | 410 | 10.23±0.64 | ||||||
| 58 | 480 | 11.17±0.67 | ||||||
| 59 | 530 | 10.63±0.68 | ||||||
| 60 | HZ | 29°17′N,91°03′E | 3 580 | 河流阶地 | 300 | 9.64±0.50 | OSL | [ |
| 61 | 325 | 9.69±0.57 |
图5 雅鲁藏布江河谷米林段卧龙爬坡沙丘钻孔采样及初步测年结果注:图A中蓝色和橙色箭头分别指向河流流向和近地表风向;图C中黄色代表风成沙,深灰色代表基岩
Fig.5 Borehole sampling in Wolong climbing dune and preliminary dating results
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