三种荒漠灌木根系的构形特征与叶性因子对干旱生境的适应性比较

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 以古尔班通古特沙漠南缘原始荒漠的三种建群灌木多枝柽柳、梭梭和琵琶柴为研究对象,采用挖掘法调查其根系构性特征及其与土壤水分的关系,同时测定其比叶面积(SLA),比叶重（LMA）,单位重量叶氮含量(Nmass)及单位面积叶氮含量(Narea)。结果表明,三种荒漠灌木的根系分属不同的功能型,多枝柽柳是深根潜水性植物,琵琶柴是浅根性植物,而梭梭介于两者之间。而且,三种荒漠灌木随着根系分布的由深到浅,即随着土壤水分亏缺的加剧,在叶性因子方面做了一定的适应性调整。这些事实表明,在水分为主要限制因子的干旱生境中,根系构型特征在很大程度上决定了灌木的叶性策略。同时研究表明,荒漠灌木在抗旱和生长之间存在相对平衡的关系。

关键词: 荒漠灌木, 根系构型特征, 叶性因子, 干旱, 适应性

Abstract:

Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb., Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A.Mey) and Reaumuria soongorica(Pall.)Maxim., three primitive and xeric desert shrubs growing and dominating in the southern boundary of the Gurbantunggut Desert were taken as objects for studying the architecture characteristics of their root systems, the root systems distribution in soil and their relations with soil water content. In addition, the specific leaf area (SLA),the specific leaf mass(LMA), mass-based(Nmass) and area-based(Narea) leaf nitrogen concentration were measured. The results showed as follows: Tamarix ramosissima Ledeb. belonges to a deep root type,Reaumuria soongorica(Pall.)Maxim. belonges to a shallow root type and Haloxylon ammodendron (C.A.Mey) is between them. To some extent, the three desert shrubs adjusted in leaf traits along with soil water decreasing. This fact indicates that the architecture characteristics of the root systems of three shrubs determine their foliar strategy in arid habitat where water is the most limited factor. There is a balance between the growth and drought tolerance for the three desert shrubs.

Key words: desert shrubs, architecture characteristics of root systems, leaf traits, aridity, adaptability

中图分类号:

Q948.11

蒋礼学;李彦. 三种荒漠灌木根系的构形特征与叶性因子对干旱生境的适应性比较[J]. 中国沙漠, 2008, 28(6): 1118-1124.

JIANG Li-xue;LI Yan. Comparison on Architecture Characteristics of Root Systems and Leaf Traits for Three Desert Shrubs Adapted to Arid Habitat[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2008, 28(6): 1118-1124.

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