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中国沙漠 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (2): 63-72.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2025.00125

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19992024年黑河流域植被覆盖度时空变化和景观格局演变

崔晓仪1(), 刘小槺1,2(), 董治宝1,2   

  1. 1.陕西师范大学,地理科学与旅游学院,陕西 西安 710119
    2.陕西师范大学,榆林沙漠黄土过渡带生态与环境陕西省野外科学观测研究站,陕西 西安 710119
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-18 修回日期:2025-07-23 出版日期:2026-03-20 发布日期:2026-04-13
  • 通讯作者: 刘小槺
  • 作者简介:崔晓仪(2001—),女,山东德州人,硕士研究生,主要从事干旱区环境演变研究。E-mail: cxy19819510882@snnu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    科技部科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY202302);科技部科技基础资源调查专项(2022FY202304);国家自然科学基金项目(42471012);陕西省2021年自然科学基础研究计划(定向委托)项目(2021JCW-17)

Spatiotemporal changes of vegetation coverage and landscape pattern in the Heihe River Basin from 1999 to 2024

Xiaoyi Cui1(), Xiaokang Liu1,2(), Zhibao Dong1,2   

  1. 1.School of Geography and Tourism /, Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China
    2.Shaanxi Observation and Research Station for Ecology and Environment of Desert-Loess Zone at Yulin, Shaanxi Normal University,Xi'an 710119,China
  • Received:2025-06-18 Revised:2025-07-23 Online:2026-03-20 Published:2026-04-13
  • Contact: Xiaokang Liu

摘要:

发展多尺度景观格局分析方法,可为干旱区内陆河流域生态管理与可持续发展提供科学依据。基于Landsat 5/8遥感数据,采用像元二分模型、一元线性回归模型、景观格局指数和重心迁移模型,系统分析了黑河流域植被覆盖度的时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)黑河流域植被覆盖度整体呈先增后减趋势,1999—2019年显著改善(极高覆盖度植被增速为612.2 km²·a-1),但2019年后出现退化(极低覆盖度植被增速达1 172.3 km²·a-1);(2)高、中等覆盖度植被破碎化程度加剧(LSI>100,AI<60),而极高、极低覆盖度植被聚集度高(AI>80),反映了人类活动对过渡带的强烈干扰;(3)重心迁移表明东北部生态退化与西北部生态恢复并存,中游绿洲区景观异质性增强。

关键词: 植被覆盖度, 景观格局分析, 重心迁移模型

Abstract:

Based on Landsat 5/8 remote sensing data, this paper systematically analyzed the spatiotemporal variation characteristics of fractional vegetation cover (FVC) in the Heihe River Basin using pixel binary model, univariate linear regression model, landscape pattern index and center of gravity migration model. The results showed that: (1) The FVC in the Heihe River Basin showed an overall trend of first increase and then decrease, with significant improvement from 1999 to 2019 (the growth rate of extremely high coverage was 612.2 km2·a-1), but it degraded after 2019 (the growth rate of extremely low coverage reached 1 172.3 km2·a-1). (2) Landscape pattern analysis showed that the degree of fragmentation of high and medium coverage increased (LSI>100, AI<60), while the aggregation of extremely high and extremely low coverage was high (AI>80), reflecting the strong interference of human activities on the transition zone. (3) The center of gravity migration showed that ecological degradation in the northeast coexisted with ecological recovery in the northwest, and the landscape heterogeneity of the oasis area in the middle reaches was enhanced. This study developed a multi-scale landscape pattern analysis method, which can provide a scientific basis for ecological management and sustainable development of inland river basins in arid areas.

Key words: fraction vegetation coverage, landscape pattern analysis, center of gravity migration model

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