Influences of soil crust development on soil seed bank of herbaceous plants in arid desert area

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2023.00001

Journal of Desert Research ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (4): 89-97.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2023.00001

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Influences of soil crust development on soil seed bank of herbaceous plants in arid desert area

Haixuan Tao¹^,²(), Chunxiu Guo¹, Junmei Ma¹, Zhongwen Wang¹, Heran Zhao¹, Dacheng Song¹, Fanglan He¹()

^1.Gansu Hexi Corridor Forest Ecosystem National Research Station，Gansu Desert Control Research Institute，Lanzhou 730070，China
^2.Minqin County Forestry Technology Extension Station，Minqin 733399，Gansu，China

Received:2022-10-18 Revised:2023-02-11 Online:2023-07-20 Published:2023-08-14
Contact: Fanglan He

Abstract

Abstract:

Soil seed bank refers to the sum of all active seeds existing in the litter of soil surface and soil， supplying an important seed source for potential regeneration of aboveground vegetation. In order to explore the effects of soil crust development on the characteristics of herbaceous soil seed bank in arid desert area， the test sites were deployed on the southern margin of Badain Jaran Desert， where the surface morphologies of soil crusts at different development stages and characteristics of herbaceous soil seed bank were studied by field investigation and seed germination. The results showed that：（1） the succession from no crust stage to moss crust stage leaded to significant changes in the micromorphologies and thickness of soil crusts per unit area， of which obvious differences among development stages were observed （P<0.05）. （2） With the continuous succession of soil crusts， some psammophytes in the seed bank withdrew gradually， while obvious increases in xerophyte species. At the same time， the successional processes of dominant species were as follows： Eragrostis pilosa and Bassia dasyphylla→E. pilosa， B. dasyphylla and Halogeton glomeratu→E. pilosa and H.glomeratu→E. pilosa. （3） In the whole succession process of soil crusts， the densities and species diversity indexes of soil seed bank showed unanimous trends of increasing first and then decreasing （the peak value was in the algae-lichen crust stage）， which in lichen moss stage or higher stage were significantly lower than those in the no crust stage （P<0.05）. Meanwhile， the distribution of soil seed bank in horizontal direction gradually became homogenization， and its vertical distribution tended to centralization in soil crust layer； besides， the species similarity between seed bank and aboveground vegetation decreased significantly. Therefore， the formation and progressive succession of soil crusts not only influenced the spatial distribution of soil seed bank by enhancing stability and changing micromorphology of soil surface， but also affected the contribution ability of aboveground vegetation to soil seed bank by changing soil habitat conditions.

Key words: soil crusts, soil seed bank, spatial distribution, species diversity, succession

CLC Number:

S330.3

Haixuan Tao, Chunxiu Guo, Junmei Ma, Zhongwen Wang, Heran Zhao, Dacheng Song, Fanglan He. Influences of soil crust development on soil seed bank of herbaceous plants in arid desert area[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2023, 43(4): 89-97.

Figures/Tables 7

References 31

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样地阶段	结皮类型
样地阶段	流沙	物理结皮	藻类结皮	地衣结皮	短藓结皮(≤3 mm)	长藓结皮(>3 mm)
结皮前期NCS	100.0±0.0^a	0.0±0.0^e	0.0±0.0^d	0.0±0.0^e	0.0±0.0^d	0.0±0.0^c
物理-藻类结皮PACS	13.4±1.2^b	37.9±2.3^a	41.5±2.7^a	7.2±1.7^c	0.0±0.0^d	0.0±0.0^c
藻类-地衣结皮ALCS	0.0±0.0^c	17.5±1.7^b	37.2±2.1^a	49.7±3.9^ab	5.6±1.8^c	0.0±0.0^c
地衣结皮LCS	0.0±0.0^c	11.4±2.1^c	19.6±3.7^b	53.1±4.5^a	15.9±3.2^b	0.0±0.0^c
地衣-藓类结皮LMCS	0.0±0.0^c	1.2±0.7^d	6.7±1.2^c	43.7±2.4^b	45.7±4.9^a	2.7±0.9^b
藓类结皮MCS	0.0±0.0^c	0.0±0.0^e	0.0±0.0^d	4.3±1.4^d	43.3±2.7^a	52.4±6.2^a

样地阶段	结皮类型
样地阶段	流沙	物理结皮	藻类结皮	地衣结皮	短藓结皮(≤3 mm)	长藓结皮(>3 mm)
结皮前期NCS	100.0±0.0^a	0.0±0.0^e	0.0±0.0^d	0.0±0.0^e	0.0±0.0^d	0.0±0.0^c
物理-藻类结皮PACS	13.4±1.2^b	37.9±2.3^a	41.5±2.7^a	7.2±1.7^c	0.0±0.0^d	0.0±0.0^c
藻类-地衣结皮ALCS	0.0±0.0^c	17.5±1.7^b	37.2±2.1^a	49.7±3.9^ab	5.6±1.8^c	0.0±0.0^c
地衣结皮LCS	0.0±0.0^c	11.4±2.1^c	19.6±3.7^b	53.1±4.5^a	15.9±3.2^b	0.0±0.0^c
地衣-藓类结皮LMCS	0.0±0.0^c	1.2±0.7^d	6.7±1.2^c	43.7±2.4^b	45.7±4.9^a	2.7±0.9^b
藓类结皮MCS	0.0±0.0^c	0.0±0.0^e	0.0±0.0^d	4.3±1.4^d	43.3±2.7^a	52.4±6.2^a

样地阶段	结皮厚度 /mm	龟裂缝面积百分比/%		龟裂缝深度 /mm	微坑面积百分比/%	微坑深度 /mm
样地阶段	结皮厚度 /mm	≤2 mm	>2 mm	龟裂缝深度 /mm	微坑面积百分比/%	微坑深度 /mm
结皮前期NCS	0.0±0.0^f	0.0±0.0^d	0.0±0.0^d	0.0±0.0^e	0.0±0.0^e	0.0±0.0^d
物理-藻类结皮PACS	1.2±0.3^e	0.5±0.0^a	0.1±0.0^c	1.2±0.0^d	0.0±0.0^e	0.0±0.0^d
藻类-地衣结皮ALCS	2.3±0.5^d	0.2±0.0^b	5.7±1.2^b	2.7±0.2^c	13.2±1.7^c	2.3±0.3^c
地衣结皮LCS	4.3±0.9^c	0.1±0.0^c	13.2±2.1^a	3.9±0.3^a	22.3±2.1^a	3.9±0.2^a
地衣-藓类结皮LMCS	7.6±1.7^b	0.1±0.0^c	1.2±0.3^c	3.1±0.1^b	17.2±1.7^b	3.3±0.1^b
藓类结皮MCS	19.5±2.1^a	0.0±0.0^c	0.0±0.0^d	0.0±0.0^e	3.2±0.3^d	2.3±0.3^c

样地阶段	结皮厚度 /mm	龟裂缝面积百分比/%		龟裂缝深度 /mm	微坑面积百分比/%	微坑深度 /mm
样地阶段	结皮厚度 /mm	≤2 mm	>2 mm	龟裂缝深度 /mm	微坑面积百分比/%	微坑深度 /mm
结皮前期NCS	0.0±0.0^f	0.0±0.0^d	0.0±0.0^d	0.0±0.0^e	0.0±0.0^e	0.0±0.0^d
物理-藻类结皮PACS	1.2±0.3^e	0.5±0.0^a	0.1±0.0^c	1.2±0.0^d	0.0±0.0^e	0.0±0.0^d
藻类-地衣结皮ALCS	2.3±0.5^d	0.2±0.0^b	5.7±1.2^b	2.7±0.2^c	13.2±1.7^c	2.3±0.3^c
地衣结皮LCS	4.3±0.9^c	0.1±0.0^c	13.2±2.1^a	3.9±0.3^a	22.3±2.1^a	3.9±0.2^a
地衣-藓类结皮LMCS	7.6±1.7^b	0.1±0.0^c	1.2±0.3^c	3.1±0.1^b	17.2±1.7^b	3.3±0.1^b
藓类结皮MCS	19.5±2.1^a	0.0±0.0^c	0.0±0.0^d	0.0±0.0^e	3.2±0.3^d	2.3±0.3^c

科	物种名	样地阶段
科	物种名	结皮前期 NCS	物理-藻类结皮 PACS	藻类-地衣结皮 ALCS	地衣结皮 LCS	地衣-藓类结皮 LMCS	藓类结皮 MCS
藜科(Chenopodiaceae)	雾冰藜(Bassia dasyphylla)	23.81	21.48	18.64	13.53	10.14	7.25
	盐生草(Halogeton glomeratus)	12.67	14.28	18.60	21.84	20.80	14.11
	碟果虫实(Corispermum patelliforme)	11.93	2.77	1.45	—	—	—
	沙米(Agriophyllum squarrosum)	10.57	1.79	0.11	—	—	—
	猪毛菜(Salsola collina)	—	4.98	4.44	9.54	8.13	5.93
禾本科(Gramineae)	画眉草(Eragrostispilosa)	36.63	30.35	29.11	33.01	41.78	58.03
	锋芒草(Tragus racemosus)	—	3.65	3.45	3.25	1.52	—
	冠芒草(Enneapogon borealis)	—	—	2.66	2.94	5.67	1.21
	虎尾草(Chloris virgata)	—	10.01	9.80	5.03	3.23	2.27
	沙生针茅(Stipa glareosa)	0.25	0.52	0.45	0.05	—	—
豆科(Fabaceae)	变异黄耆(Astragalus variabilis)	0.63	0.51	0.31	—	—	—
豆科(Fabaceae)	荒漠黄耆(Astragalus alaschanensis)	0.32	0.26	—	—	—	—
菊科(Asteraceae)	砂蓝刺头(Echinops gmelinii)	0.95	2.56	2.36	4.45	0.05	—
菊科(Asteraceae)	猪毛蒿(Artemisia scoparia)	—	—	—	—	4.23	7.48
白花丹科(Plumbaginaceae)	黄花补血草(Limonium aureum)	2.24	6.07	9.53	4.98	4.45	3.72
蒺藜科(Zygophyllaceae)	甘肃驼蹄瓣(Zygophyllum kansuense)	—	0.77	1.09	1.38	—	—

Influences of soil crust development on soil seed bank of herbaceous plants in arid desert area

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样地阶段	D_ma	D_sim	H′	J_sw
结皮前期NCS	1.76±0.07^b	0.77±0.02^c	1.66±0.07^c	0.77±0.01^b
物理-藻类结皮PACS	2.13±0.08^a	0.83±0.01^a	2.03±0.05^a	0.78±0.01^b
藻类-地衣结皮ALCS	1.99±0.07^a	0.84±0.01^a	2.05±0.04^a	0.80±0.00^a
地衣结皮LCS	1.65±0.08^b	0.80±0.01^b	1.91±0.06^b	0.78±0.01^b
地衣-藓类结皮LMCS	1.51±0.05^c	0.76±0.02^c	1.74±0.09^c	0.77±0.01^b
藓类结皮MCS	1.42±0.05^d	0.62±0.03^d	1.37±0.08^d	0.66±0.03^c

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