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中国沙漠 ›› 2000, Vol. 20 ›› Issue (2): 201-206.

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

干旱地区植被影响沙地水分传输机理及其参数化

冯金朝1,2, 刘立超2, 张景光2, 肖洪浪2   

  1. 1. 中央民族大学 生物化学系, 北京 100081;
    中国科学院 寒区旱区环境与工程研究所, 甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:1999-03-15 修回日期:1999-05-20 出版日期:2000-06-20 发布日期:2000-06-20
  • 作者简介:冯金朝(1964-),男(汉族),河南新乡人,理学博士,研究员,主要从事干旱区植物生理生态等研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(49871003)及重大项目(49890330)

Study on Parameterization and Mechanism of Vegetation Effects on Water Transfer near Sandy Ground

FENG Jin-chao1,2, LIU Li-chao2, ZHANG Jing-guang2, XIAO Hong-lang2   

  1. 1. Department of Biology and Chemistry, Central University for Nationalities, Beijing 100081, China;
    2. Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
  • Received:1999-03-15 Revised:1999-05-20 Online:2000-06-20 Published:2000-06-20

摘要: 从植物生长与水分平衡的关系入手,在土壤水分动力学和近地面空气动力学等学科的研究基础上,依据植物生理生态学原理,探讨了干旱地区植被影响沙地水分传输的机理,初步建立了植被参数化模型和土壤-植物-大气连续体(SPAC)水分传输综合模型。主要研究结果如下:①分析了荒漠植物的生长及其动态变化特征,对沙生植物地上部与根系生长,尤其是根系在土壤中的分布进行了量化。②分析了荒漠植物的蒸腾特性及其气孔调节作用机制,指出了土壤水分亏缺是叶片气孔关闭、蒸腾作用降低的主要原因,探讨了植物蒸腾作用与气孔调节之间的复杂关系及其今后的研究重点。③揭示了沙地植被蒸发蒸腾的变化规律;分析了影响沙地植被蒸发蒸腾的生物因素和环境因素的作用。④初步建立了植被参数化和SPAC水分传输综合模型,模拟了植被结构影响冠层能量平衡过程,探讨了植物状态参数、生理参数与蒸发蒸腾的相互关系。

关键词: 沙漠植物, 水分传输, 模型

Abstract: In this paper,the model on vegetation parameterization and water transfer in soil-plant-atmosphere was established based on the principle of plant eco-physiology,areo-dynamics and soil water dynamics.The mechanism of vegetation effects on water transfer near sandy ground was analyzed and discussed through the relationship between plant growth and water.The main results were as follows:(1) The dynamic characteristics of plant growth were analyzed and the root distribution were expressed quantitatively by a function.(2) The relationships between leaf transpiration and stomatal regulation was discussed and soil water deficit was the main factor among that affecting plant transpiration and stomatal opening.(3) The law of vegation evapotranpiration change near sandy ground was studied and the biological and environmental factors affecting evapotranspiration were also analyzed.(4) By the model,the modelling process of vegetation effect on the energy balance on the ground was conducted and the relationships between evapotranspiration and plant status,structure and physiological function.

Key words: desert plant, water transfer, model