塔克拉玛干荒漠-绿洲过渡带尘卷风活动特征——以肖塘为例

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2018.00062

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 利用1992-2011年塔克拉玛干沙漠北缘荒漠-绿洲过渡带肖塘气象站的观测资料，分析了该地区尘卷风的年、月变化规律及其与气象因子的关系。结果表明：（1）1992-2011年尘卷风发生日数总体呈波动递减趋势；尘卷风主要发生在3-9月，占全年总日数的90.9%，其中4-7月占全年总日数的70%左右。（2）尘卷风月发生日数随月平均地表与1.5 m高处温差的增大而线性增加（r=0.875，P<0.01）。（3）尘卷风月发生日数随着月平均风速的增大而幂函数增加（r=0.89，P<0.01）。（4）尘卷风月发生日数随月平均相对湿度的增大而线性减少（r=-0.869，P<0.01）。

关键词: 尘卷风, 地气温差, 风速, 相对湿度

Abstract: The yearly and monthly change laws of dust devils and its relations with meteorological factors were analyzed based on observed data of Xiaotang meteorological station from 1992 to 2011 in the northern margin of the Taklimakan Desert. The results are as follows:(1) Dust devils mainly occurred in the period from March to September, accounting for 90.9% of the total yearly days, and concentratedly occurred in the period from April to July, accounting for about 70.0% of the total yearly days, and the occurrence of dust devils followed a decreasing trend, with fluctuations from 1992 to 2011. (2)Monthly dust devil days increased with the rise of monthly average differences between ground temperature and 1.5 m height air temperature, and there was a positive linear correlation between them, r=0.875, P<0.01. (3) Monthly dust devil days also increased with the rise of monthly average wind speed, and there was a power function correlation between them, r=0.89, P<0.01. (4) Monthly dust devildays increased with the decrease of monthly average relative humidity, and there was a negative linear correlation between them, r=-0.869, P<0.01.

Key words: dust devils, differences between ground temperature and air temperature, wind speed, relative humidity

中图分类号:

P425

马明杰, 杨兴华, 何清, 买买提艾力·买买提依明, 周成龙, 霍文. 塔克拉玛干荒漠-绿洲过渡带尘卷风活动特征——以肖塘为例[J]. 中国沙漠, 2019, 39(2): 115-121.

Ma Mingjie, Yang Xinghua, He Qing, Ali Mamtimin, Zhou Chenglong, Huo Wen. Characteristics of Dust Devils Activity in the Desert-oasis Ecotone of the Taklimakan Desert: A Case in Xiaotang Area[J]. Journal of Desert Research, 2019, 39(2): 115-121.

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