1961-2012年北疆干旱时空变化

doi:10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2015.00212

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 基于北疆38个气象站1961-2012年逐日的气象数据和综合气象干旱指数，探究了北疆干旱的时空演变特征。结果表明：1961-2012年，北疆旱情有所缓解，但干旱仍然频发，且全域性干旱较多，其中夏旱和秋旱较多且覆盖范围较大。干旱频次和干旱覆盖范围呈减少趋势，干旱强度逐渐减弱。四季中，冬季干旱缓解最为明显，其次是春季和夏季，秋季干旱略有缓解。空间上，自东南和东部向西北，旱情逐渐减轻。干旱强度和干旱频次中南部减势最明显，干旱频发会有所改善；东部减势较弱，干旱频发将会持续；西北部减势最弱，旱情仍持续较轻。气候变化下，北疆降水量和潜在蒸散量分别与综合气象干旱指数存在显著的正相关和负相关，北疆降水量的增加趋势和潜在蒸散量的减少趋势对北疆干旱缓解有重要的作用。

关键词: 北疆, 干旱, 时空变化, 气候因子

Abstract: The spatiotemporal pattern of drought in North Xinjiang of China from 1961 to 2012 was analyzed with daily meteorological data and compound index of meteorological drought. The results indicated that drought severity relieved by decreasing trend of drought coverage, frequency and intensity in North Xinjiang. However, the whole drought also happened frequently in summer and autumn in North Xinjiang. The drought severity alleviated most significantly in winter, followed by spring and summer, less significantly in autumn. The drought severity decreased from southeast to northwest in North Xinjiang. The spatial distribution of change trend of drought frequency and intensity indicated that drought severity relieved significantly in south and central region of North Xinjiang. Moreover, the precipitation and evapotranspiration had significantly positive and negative correlation with the value of compound index of meteorological drought, respectively. The increasing trend of precipitation and the decreasing trend of evapotranspiration have very impotent contribution to the alleviation of drought severity in North Xinjiang.

Key words: North Xinjiang, drought, spatiotemporal pattern, climate factors

中图分类号:

P467

吴燕锋, 巴特尔·巴克, 罗那那. 1961-2012年北疆干旱时空变化[J]. 中国沙漠, 2017, 37(1): 158-166.

Wu Yanfeng, Bake Batur, Luo Nana. Spatiotemporal Pattern of Drought in North Xinjiang, China in 1961-2012[J]. JOURNAL OF DESERT RESEARCH, 2017, 37(1): 158-166.

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